{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2025-39721", "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "Linux", "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.117Z", "datePublished": "2025-09-05T17:21:28.911Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-02-06T16:31:24.726Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"providerMetadata": {"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "shortName": "Linux", "dateUpdated": "2026-02-06T16:31:24.726Z"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncrypto: qat - flush misc workqueue during device shutdown\n\nRepeated loading and unloading of a device specific QAT driver, for\nexample qat_4xxx, in a tight loop can lead to a crash due to a\nuse-after-free scenario. This occurs when a power management (PM)\ninterrupt triggers just before the device-specific driver (e.g.,\nqat_4xxx.ko) is unloaded, while the core driver (intel_qat.ko) remains\nloaded.\n\nSince the driver uses a shared workqueue (`qat_misc_wq`) across all\ndevices and owned by intel_qat.ko, a deferred routine from the\ndevice-specific driver may still be pending in the queue. If this\nroutine executes after the driver is unloaded, it can dereference freed\nmemory, resulting in a page fault and kernel crash like the following:\n\n BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffa000002e50a01c\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n RIP: 0010:pm_bh_handler+0x1d2/0x250 [intel_qat]\n Call Trace:\n pm_bh_handler+0x1d2/0x250 [intel_qat]\n process_one_work+0x171/0x340\n worker_thread+0x277/0x3a0\n kthread+0xf0/0x120\n ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50\n\nTo prevent this, flush the misc workqueue during device shutdown to\nensure that all pending work items are completed before the driver is\nunloaded.\n\nNote: This approach may slightly increase shutdown latency if the\nworkqueue contains jobs from other devices, but it ensures correctness\nand stability."}], "affected": [{"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "unaffected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/crypto/intel/qat/qat_common/adf_common_drv.h", "drivers/crypto/intel/qat/qat_common/adf_init.c", "drivers/crypto/intel/qat/qat_common/adf_isr.c"], "versions": [{"version": "e5745f34113b758b45d134dec04a7df94dc67131", "lessThan": "fa4c14a82747886d333d8baef0d26da86ba1ccf7", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "e5745f34113b758b45d134dec04a7df94dc67131", "lessThan": "5858448a6c65d8ee3f8600570d3ce19febcb33be", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "e5745f34113b758b45d134dec04a7df94dc67131", "lessThan": "fe546f5c50fc474daca6bee72caa7ab68a74c33d", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "e5745f34113b758b45d134dec04a7df94dc67131", "lessThan": "e59a52e429e13df3feb34f4853a8e36d121ed937", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}, {"version": "e5745f34113b758b45d134dec04a7df94dc67131", "lessThan": "3d4df408ba9bad2b205c7fb8afc1836a6a4ca88a", "status": "affected", "versionType": "git"}]}, {"product": "Linux", "vendor": "Linux", "defaultStatus": "affected", "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git", "programFiles": ["drivers/crypto/intel/qat/qat_common/adf_common_drv.h", "drivers/crypto/intel/qat/qat_common/adf_init.c", "drivers/crypto/intel/qat/qat_common/adf_isr.c"], "versions": [{"version": "5.18", "status": "affected"}, {"version": "0", "lessThan": "5.18", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.1.162", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.6.103", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.12.44", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.16.4", "lessThanOrEqual": "6.16.*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "semver"}, {"version": "6.17", "lessThanOrEqual": "*", "status": "unaffected", "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"}]}], "cpeApplicability": [{"nodes": [{"operator": "OR", "negate": false, "cpeMatch": [{"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.162"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.103"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.44"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.4"}, {"vulnerable": true, "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "versionEndExcluding": "6.17"}]}]}], "references": [{"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fa4c14a82747886d333d8baef0d26da86ba1ccf7"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5858448a6c65d8ee3f8600570d3ce19febcb33be"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe546f5c50fc474daca6bee72caa7ab68a74c33d"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e59a52e429e13df3feb34f4853a8e36d121ed937"}, {"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d4df408ba9bad2b205c7fb8afc1836a6a4ca88a"}], "title": "crypto: qat - flush misc workqueue during device shutdown", "x_generator": {"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"}}}}

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{"configurations": [{"nodes": [{"cpeMatch": [{"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "1FC8F66F-9CC2-473F-94EC-4A539C92D9D7", "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.103", "versionStartIncluding": "5.18", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "12351F24-1133-4775-960C-F2B47E81298B", "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.44", "versionStartIncluding": "6.7", "vulnerable": true}, {"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*", "matchCriteriaId": "AFC28995-B8C3-4B68-8CB6-78E792B6629D", "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.4", "versionStartIncluding": "6.13", "vulnerable": true}], "negate": false, "operator": "OR"}]}], "cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncrypto: qat - flush misc workqueue during device shutdown\n\nRepeated loading and unloading of a device specific QAT driver, for\nexample qat_4xxx, in a tight loop can lead to a crash due to a\nuse-after-free scenario. This occurs when a power management (PM)\ninterrupt triggers just before the device-specific driver (e.g.,\nqat_4xxx.ko) is unloaded, while the core driver (intel_qat.ko) remains\nloaded.\n\nSince the driver uses a shared workqueue (`qat_misc_wq`) across all\ndevices and owned by intel_qat.ko, a deferred routine from the\ndevice-specific driver may still be pending in the queue. If this\nroutine executes after the driver is unloaded, it can dereference freed\nmemory, resulting in a page fault and kernel crash like the following:\n\n BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffa000002e50a01c\n #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode\n RIP: 0010:pm_bh_handler+0x1d2/0x250 [intel_qat]\n Call Trace:\n pm_bh_handler+0x1d2/0x250 [intel_qat]\n process_one_work+0x171/0x340\n worker_thread+0x277/0x3a0\n kthread+0xf0/0x120\n ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50\n\nTo prevent this, flush the misc workqueue during device shutdown to\nensure that all pending work items are completed before the driver is\nunloaded.\n\nNote: This approach may slightly increase shutdown latency if the\nworkqueue contains jobs from other devices, but it ensures correctness\nand stability."}], "id": "CVE-2025-39721", "lastModified": "2026-02-06T17:16:16.957", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "LOW", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 5.5, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "NONE", "integrityImpact": "NONE", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "NONE", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 1.8, "impactScore": 3.6, "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2025-09-05T18:15:49.770", "references": [{"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d4df408ba9bad2b205c7fb8afc1836a6a4ca88a"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5858448a6c65d8ee3f8600570d3ce19febcb33be"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e59a52e429e13df3feb34f4853a8e36d121ed937"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fa4c14a82747886d333d8baef0d26da86ba1ccf7"}, {"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "tags": ["Patch"], "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe546f5c50fc474daca6bee72caa7ab68a74c33d"}], "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67", "vulnStatus": "Modified", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-416"}], "source": "nvd@nist.gov", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"bugzilla": {"description": "kernel: crypto: qat - flush misc workqueue during device shutdown", "id": "2393493", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2393493"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "7.0", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "details": ["No description is available for this CVE."], "name": "CVE-2025-39721", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Not affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "kernel-rt", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}], "public_date": "2025-09-05T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-39721\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39721\nhttps://lore.kernel.org/linux-cve-announce/2025090552-CVE-2025-39721-0b5c@gregkh/T"], "threat_severity": "Moderate"}

{"created": "2025-09-07T15:47:32.176659+00:00", "updated": "2025-09-07T15:47:32.176720+00:00", "vendors": ["linux", "linux$PRODUCT$linux_kernel"]}